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Ityala lamawele
''Ityala Lamawele'' (‘The Lawsuit of the Twins’), by Samuel Edward Krune Mqhayi (1875–1945), is the first extant novel in the Xhosa language. It was published in 1914, by the Lovedale Press, and has been a significant influence on subsequent isiXhosa literature.
==Plot==
The story is set in the time of the historical King Hintsa kaKhawuta (1789–1835), and concerns a dispute between the fictional twins Wele and Babini over their deceased father’s estate. As they are born on the same day, there is a dispute as to who should take their father’s place. This is resolved via a traditional Xhosa legal trial, held at the court of King Hintsa, who presides over the trial. Various people give testimony, key among them Khulile, an ''inyange'' (a wise, old sage) and thus a vital source of oral tradition, and the midwives who helped at the twins’ birth. The story also concerns the Xhosa tradition of ''ingqithi'', ‘finger cutting’, whereby a child has his or her finger cut. A midwife, Teyase, is able to verify who is the first born by virtue of the cut finger (only one twin had his finger cut, the second born). Khulile notes that the reason the first-born is usually given priority and made his father’s successor is that he has more experience than his younger brothers, but that in the case of twins this argument does not really stand.〔Nyamende, Abner. ''The Conception and Application of Justice in SEK Mqhayi's Ityala Lamwele''. Tydskrif vir Letterkunde. 47 (2): 2010. p. 27〕 By the end of the trial, both brothers are humbled and each proclaims the seniority of the other.〔Nyamende, p. 27〕
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